The degree to which political change affects a circle civilisation and its institutions forms a continuum.
- Explanation. Political changes differ in the degree to which they affect or replace existing standards, civilisation elements and institutions. Some changes remain within a largely accepted circle civilisation, others modify particular civilisation elements, and still others intervene revolutionarily in a coherent set of elements and the institutions in which they are embedded. These differences in scope are analytical distinctions; concrete processes of change may combine characteristics of several forms and change character during the process.
Last updated: 2 October 2026