Purposive action does not require the pursued goal to be formulated in operational or measurable terms.
- Explanation. An actor may act purposively from a goal formulated in broad, qualitative or normative terms. It is sufficient for purposive action that the actor values an intended condition above alternatives and directs action towards it. The degree to which the goal is formulated operationally or measurably does, however, determine how unambiguously it can later be established whether the goal has been achieved.
Last updated: 1 October 2026